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Search for "androgen receptor" in Full Text gives 3 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry.
Green and sustainable approaches for the Friedel–Crafts reaction between aldehydes and indoles
- Periklis X. Kolagkis,
- Eirini M. Galathri and
- Christoforos G. Kokotos
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 379–426, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.36
- general extends to other types of cancers as well, such as prostate cancer by being an androgen receptor (AR) agonist in LNCaP prostate cancer cells [6]. DIM controls cell growth rates in AR-negative cells, while also targeting the mitochondria inducing apoptosis, which alleviates some of the symptoms of
Graphical Abstract
Scheme 1: Examples of BIMs used for their medicinal properties.
Scheme 2: Mechanisms for the synthesis of BIMs using protic or Lewis acids as catalysts.
Scheme 3: Synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes using DBDMH.
Scheme 4: Competition experiments and synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes using DBDMH.
Scheme 5: Proposed mechanism for formation of BIM of using DBDMH.
Scheme 6: Synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes using I2.
Scheme 7: General reaction mechanism upon halogen bonding.
Scheme 8: Synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes using I2, introduced by Ji.
Scheme 9: Synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes using Br2 in CH3CN.
Scheme 10: Βidentate halogen-bond donors.
Scheme 11: Synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes using bidentate halogen-bond donor 26.
Scheme 12: Proposed reaction mechanism.
Scheme 13: Synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes using iodoalkyne as catalyst.
Scheme 14: Proposed reaction mechanism.
Scheme 15: Optimized reaction conditions used by Ramshini.
Scheme 16: Activation of the carbonyl group by HPA/TPI-Fe3O4.
Scheme 17: Synthesis of BIMs in the presence of nanoAg-Pt/SiO2-doped silicate.
Scheme 18: Mechanism of action proposed by Khalafi-Nezhad et al.
Scheme 19: Activation of the carbonyl group by the Cu–isatin Schiff base complex.
Scheme 20: Optimum reaction conditions published by Jain.
Scheme 21: Organocatalytic protocol utilizing nanoparticles introduced by Bankar.
Scheme 22: Activation of the carbonyl group by the AlCl3·6H2O-SDS-SiO2 complex.
Scheme 23: Optimal reaction conditions for the aforementioned nano-Fe3O4 based catalysts.
Scheme 24: Nanocatalytic protocol proposed by Kaur et al.
Scheme 25: Microwave approach introduced by Yuan.
Scheme 26: Microwave approach introduced by Zahran et al.
Scheme 27: Microwave irradiation protocol introduced by Bindu.
Scheme 28: Silica-supported microwave irradiation protocol.
Scheme 29: Proposed mechanism for formation of BIM by Nongkhlaw.
Scheme 30: Microwave-assisted synthesis of BIMs catalyzed by succinic acid.
Scheme 31: Proposed mechanism of action of MMO-4.
Scheme 32: Catalytic approach introduced by Muhammadpoor-Baltork et al.
Scheme 33: Reaction conditions used by Xiao-Ming.
Scheme 34: Ultrasonic irradiation-based protocol published by Saeednia.
Scheme 35: Pyruvic acid-mediated synthesis of BIMs proposed by Thopate.
Scheme 36: Synthesis of BIMs using [bmim]BF4 or [bmim]PF6 ionic liquids.
Scheme 37: Synthesis of BIMs utilizing In(OTf)3 in octylmethylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate as ionic liquid.
Scheme 38: FeCl3·6H2O-catalyzed synthesis of BIMs with use of ionic liquid.
Scheme 39: Synthesis of BIMs utilizing the [hmim]HSO4/EtOH catalytic system.
Scheme 40: Synthesis of BIMs utilizing acidic ionic liquid immobilized on silica gel (ILIS-SO2Cl).
Scheme 41: The [bmim][MeSO4]-catalyzed reaction of indole with various aldehydes.
Scheme 42: The role of [bmim][MeSO4] in catalyzing the reaction of indole with aldehydes.
Scheme 43: Synthesis of BIMs utilizing FeCl3-based ionic liquid ([BTBAC]Cl-FeCl3) as catalyst.
Scheme 44: Synthesis of BIMs using [Msim]Cl at room temperature.
Scheme 45: [Et3NH][H2PO4]-catalyzed synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes.
Scheme 46: PILs-catalyzed synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes.
Scheme 47: FSILs-mediated synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes.
Scheme 48: Possible “release and catch” catalytic process.
Scheme 49: Synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes by [DABCO-H][HSO4].
Scheme 50: Synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes by [(THA)(SO4)].
Scheme 51: Synthesis of BBSI-Cl and BBSI-HSO4.
Scheme 52: Synthesis of BIMs in the presence of BBSI-Cl and BBSI-HSO4.
Scheme 53: Chemoselectivity of the present method.
Scheme 54: Synthesis of BIMs catalyzed by chitosan-supported ionic liquid.
Scheme 55: Proposed mechanism of action of CSIL.
Scheme 56: Optimization of the reaction in DESs.
Scheme 57: Synthesis of BIMs using ChCl/SnCl2 as DES.
Scheme 58: Synthesis of BIMs derivatives in presence of DES.
Scheme 59: BIMs synthesis in choline chloride/urea (CC/U).
Scheme 60: Flow chemistry-based synthesis of BIMs by Ley.
Scheme 61: Flow chemistry-based synthesis of BIMs proposed by Nam et al.
Scheme 62: Amino-catalyzed reaction of indole with propionaldehyde.
Scheme 63: Aminocatalytic synthesis of BIMs.
Scheme 64: Proposed mechanism for the aminocatalytic synthesis of BIMs.
Scheme 65: Enzymatic reaction of indole with aldehydes.
Scheme 66: Proposed mechanism for the synthesis of BIMs catalyzed by TLIM.
Scheme 67: Proposed reaction mechanism by Badsara.
Scheme 68: Mechanism proposed by D’Auria.
Scheme 69: Photoinduced thiourea catalysis.
Scheme 70: Proposed mechanism of photoacid activation.
Scheme 71: Proposed mechanism of action for CF3SO2Na.
Scheme 72: Proposed mechanism for the synthesis of BIMs by Mandawad.
Scheme 73: Proposed mechanism for the (a) acid generation and (b) synthesis of BIMs.
Scheme 74: a) Reaction conditions employed by Khaksar and b) activation of the carbonyl group by HFIP.
Scheme 75: Activation of the carbonyl group by the PPy@CH2Br through the formation of a halogen bond.
Scheme 76: Reaction conditions utilized by Mhaldar et al.
Scheme 77: a) Reaction conditions employed by López and b) activation of the carbonyl group by thiourea.
Scheme 78: Infrared irradiation approach introduced by Luna-Mora and his research group.
Scheme 79: Synthesis of BIMs with the use of the Fe–Zn BMOF.
A smart deoxyribozyme-based fluorescent sensor for in vitro detection of androgen receptor mRNA
- Ekaterina A. Bryushkova,
- Erik R. Gandalipov and
- Julia V. Nuzhina
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1135–1141, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.100
- mRNA molecule of the androgen receptor. The constructed sensor is easy to use, has high efficiency and selectivity for the RNA target, and can be reconstructed for the detection of various nucleic acid sequences due to its modular structure. Thus, similar biosensors may be useful for the differential
- diagnosis. Keywords: androgen receptor; 10–23 deoxyribozyme; nucleic acid sensor; malachite green aptamer; RNA cleavage; Introduction The fast and precise diagnostics of diseases are one of the key factors that allow choosing the most effective method of treatment. Disease markers can be found at a few
- -based fluorescent sensor (SDFS), designed for the quick and efficient verification of human androgen receptor (AR) mRNA. The AR (alternative name NR3C4) belongs to the steroid nuclear receptor superfamily, capable of being activated after a direct interaction with nuclear DNA and works as a
Graphical Abstract
Figure 1: SDFS main components and its work model. A) Schematic representation of the SDFS structure. Dotted ...
Figure 2: The SDFS functional activity. A–C) Emission spectra of the assembled SDFS (green line), T1–T5 chain...
Figure 3: Emission spectra of SDFS activity on total cellular RNA. The green line represents a spectrum of SD...
Natural phenolic metabolites with anti-angiogenic properties – a review from the chemical point of view
- Qiu Sun,
- Jörg Heilmann and
- Burkhard König
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 249–264, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.28
- . For example, it can inhibit androgen receptor signaling and tumor growth in athymic nude mice [87], it can cause apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest in human prostate cancer LNCaP cells [88] and in HCT-116 human colon cancer cells, and it can induce apoptosis associated with an increased level of p53 [89
Graphical Abstract
Figure 1: Structure of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (HBA, 1).
Figure 2: Structure–activity relationship of curcumin analogs.
Scheme 1: Synthesis of curcumin (3). Reagents and conditions: (a) vanillin, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline, HOAc...
Figure 3: Backbone and substitution of monocarbonyl analogs of curcumin (MACs) showing their structural diver...
Scheme 2: Exemplary synthesis of MAC representatives. Reagents and conditions: (a) 40% KOH, EtOH, 5 °C; stirr...
Scheme 3: Synthesis of ellagic acid (7). Reagents and conditions: (a) H2SO4, CH3OH; (b) (1) o-chloranil, Et2O...
Figure 4: Structure of resveratrol and its analogs.
Scheme 4: Synthesis of quinolone-substituted phenol 20. Reagents and conditions: (a) Ac2O, 2-hydroxybenzaldeh...
Scheme 5: Synthesis of quinolone-substituted phenol 23. Reagents and conditions: (a) Ac2O, 2-hydroxybenzaldeh...
Figure 5: Design of 4-amino-2-sulfanylphenol derivatives and their structure–activity relationship.
Scheme 6: Synthesis of 4-amino-2-sulfanylphenol derivatives. Reagents and conditions: (a) R1SO2Cl, pyridine, ...
Figure 6: Structures of two series of natural-like acylphloroglucinols.
Scheme 7: Synthesis of acylphloroglucinol derivatives 35–41. Reagents and conditions: (a) acyl chloride, AlCl3...
Scheme 8: Synthesis of acylphloroglucinol derivatives 43–51. Reagents and conditions: (a) isoprene, Amberlyst...
Figure 7: Analogs of (−)-EGCG for the prevention of oxidation and improvement of the bioavailability of the c...
Scheme 9: Synthesis of xanthohumol 58. Reagents and conditions: (a) MOMCl, diisopropylethylamine, CH2Cl2; (b)...
Scheme 10: Synthesis of genistein 60. Reagents and conditions: (a) 4-hydroxyphenylacetonitrile, anhydrous HCl,...
Scheme 11: Synthesis of fisetin (67) and quercetin (68). Reagents and conditions: (a) 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyd...
Figure 8: Structure of (2S)-7,2’,4’-trihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-(dimethylallyl)flavanone (69).
